Which access control type grants or restricts access based on specific periods or days?

Time-Based Access Control is the correct choice because it specifically manages user access rights based on defined timeframes, such as specific hours of the day or certain days of the week. This type of access control allows administrators to set rules that grant or deny access to users according to the time criteria established, making it ideal for environments where access needs to be regulated based on time-sensitive factors, such as ensuring that only employees can access certain resources during their working hours.

In comparison, Role-Based Access Control is primarily concerned with assigning access rights based on a user's role within an organization, without considerations for time. Mandatory Access Control involves strict regulations whereby access to resources is based on predetermined security levels, focusing on information sensitivity rather than timing. Discretionary Access Control allows resource owners to set their own access permissions, which again doesn't include time constraints.